{"id":2293,"date":"2026-09-16T08:16:38","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T01:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ewatervietnam.vn\/?p=2293"},"modified":"2026-09-16T09:56:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T02:56:15","slug":"xu-ly-pfas-trong-nuoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ewatervietnam.vn\/2026\/09\/16\/xu-ly-pfas-trong-nuoc\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: V\u00ec sao \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y?"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: V\u00ec sao \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y?<\/h1>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> \u0111ang thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. PFAS l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t cao. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t PFAS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do PFAS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 PFAS kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

PFAS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

PFAS l\u00e0 t\u00ean vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m per- v\u00e0 polyfluoroalkyl substances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

PFAS c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, PFAS t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng d\u00ednh. PFAS c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong bao b\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

PFAS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940. Theo th\u1eddi gian, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n PFAS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m trong x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao PFAS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d?<\/h2>\n

T\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a PFAS.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u PFAS c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft carbon\u2013fluorine (C\u2013F)<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u00fap PFAS ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn PFAS kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Khi PFAS \u0111i v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a m\u1ecdi PFAS \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i theo ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m?<\/h2>\n

PFAS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 PFAS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o g\u1ed3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i cholesterol v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 gan v\u00e0 thai k\u1ef3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 PFAS c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t PFAS trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf PFAS v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau?<\/h2>\n

Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf PFAS kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n

Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf PFAS c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m PFAS trong d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef PFAS tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch PFAS kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n
  • Nh\u1ef1a trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion.<\/li>\n
  • M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, PFAS ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n

    V\u00ed d\u1ee5, than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef PFAS tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. PFAS l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0ng PFAS v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

    V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

    Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft r\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn li\u00ean k\u1ebft carbon\u2013fluorine.<\/p>\n

    Khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, fluorine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

    N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a PFAS \u2192 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc \u2192 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u00edt PFAS h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, PFAS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0ng PFAS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

    V\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n

    N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a PFAS \u2192 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd \u2192 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac PFAS<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa removal<\/strong> v\u00e0 destruction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS.<\/p>\n

    V\u00ec sao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m?<\/h2>\n

    M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm UV<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    UV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i UC Riverside<\/strong> t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Water<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch UV tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 PFAS. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n

    UV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 PFAS nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a UC Riverside, UV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng sulfite.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c electron c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh cao. C\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft carbon\u2013fluorine.<\/p>\n

    Khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, fluorine \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ion fluoride trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c g\u1ed1c hydroxyl v\u00e0 ion hydroxide c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft carbon\u2013carbon.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 chu\u1ed7i ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed fluor.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UC Riverside c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd?<\/h2>\n

    Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o electron hydrat h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Electron hydrat h\u00f3a v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, g\u1ed1c hydroxyl v\u00e0 ion hydroxide c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung gian.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a carbon \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 formate.<\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS.<\/p>\n

    T\u1ea1i sao hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\n

    Bi\u1ebft PFAS b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

    Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u UC Riverside, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf PFAS v\u1eabn c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

    Than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. M\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

    T\u00e1ch PFAS \u2192 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c PFAS \u2192 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS<\/strong><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n

    N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS<\/h2>\n

    PFAS kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 PFAS. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

    N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ion v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

    Chi ph\u00ed c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

    H\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 PFAS \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UV. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a n\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch PFAS.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00eam hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

    \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n

    PFAS cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap t\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u01b0 duy \u201cl\u1ecdc b\u1ecf\u201d<\/strong> sang t\u01b0 duy \u201cki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    PFAS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d<\/strong> v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft carbon\u2013fluorine l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    Trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf PFAS<\/strong> v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m PFAS trong d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, PFAS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a UC Riverside \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u00eam c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a UV v\u00e0 sulfite. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f9ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UV \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS.<\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • UC Riverside, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PFAS d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a UV.<\/li>\n
    • B\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean Nature Water<\/em> v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cComprehensive Mechanisms and Pathways for PFAS Degradation Under UV Irradiation\u201d<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      -nmqmkt-<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      X\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: V\u00ec sao \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u0129nh c\u1eedu\u201d kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y? X\u1eed l\u00fd PFAS trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. PFAS l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t cao. 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